First Sunday in Lent

 In praying the Litany this week, I was struck by a relationship between the temptation Gospel in Matthew 4 and the phrase in the Great Litany on the temptations or "deceits of the world, the flesh and the devil." 
 The Gospel about Christ's Temptation can be viewed in terms of the three temptations of the world, the flesh, and the devil. Although the devil is at work in all the temptations, Christ's first temptation to turn stones into bread is primarily a temptation of the flesh. The second temptation to jump from the Temple to impress people is a temptation of the world. And although the third temptation involves worldly power, it is even more directly about serving the devil.

So, whenever we call to mind our Baptisms or say prayers such as the Litany, there is a connection to our Lord's Temptation. He has overcome the flesh, the world, and the devil for us, and through His grace, we can grow in our resistance to such temptations. Lent is a season for us to increase our awareness and improve our discipline in this spiritual arena.

The Litany

Saying or singing a Litany has long been an important devotional practice. Litanies or responsive prayers go back to the early days of Christian worship. The earliest litanies were probably simple expansions of the Kyrie eleison. In Italy during the fifth and sixth centuries, more elaborate responsive and processional prayers developed. Such litanies continued to develop during the Middle Ages. As they became more elaborate over time, more and more of the intercessions were directed to the saints.

 
In 1529, Martin Luther revised a popular litany by removing the invocations of the saints and emphasizing the work of Christ. Influenced by Luther's model, Thomas Cranmer issued the first version of the English Litany in 1544 while Henry VIII still ruled. So the English Litany was the first official part of the English-language Liturgy. This Litany was later included in the 1549 Book of Common Prayer. The rubrics directed that the English Litany be said on Wednesdays and Fridays as well as included on Sundays after Matins and before Holy Communion.

Most contemporary Anglicans spend less time in church than our sixteenth-century forebears. So we are not likely to see the whole Sunday array of services or find the Litany recited every Wednesday and Friday. However, the Litany is a very meaningful form of prayer, and its tone is particularly suitable for our Lenten devotions. It is appropriate to include it in private prayers and use it more frequently in Anglican parishes. For example, one might say the Litany at midday on Fridays in Lent.

First Day of Lent, commonly called Ash Wednesday

Today, we begin our disciplined season of preparation as we look to Good Friday and Easter. In my reflections this time, I have been drawn to the traditional words used on this day: "Remember, O man, that thou art dust, and unto dust shalt thou return."  These words are based on Genesis 3:19 where God speaks to Adam after the Fall.

As fallen descendants of Adam, we all hear these words addressed to us. Ash Wednesday is a special reminder of the life of penitence that we need to live daily. We have all rebelled against God and continue to sin against Him. In doing so, we have all turned from eternal life with God, and as a consequence, our bodies will eventually dissolve into dust and ashes. 

Yet, this message of judgment is not the last word. Despite our failings, God calls us to turn from sin, accept the grace of God in Christ, and seek to live the holy life that He offers. We are called to repentance and renewal daily throughout our earthly lives; Lent is just a special time set aside by the Church to emphasize this ongoing call to all who would follow Christ. And so let us pray without ceasing, Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy upon us sinners.