St. Thomas the Apostle

The traditional feast of St. Thomas the Apostle is on December 21, but because the 21st is the Fourth Sunday in Advent  this year, many transfer the commemoration to Monday, December 22. We tend to associate St. Thomas with the Resurrection since he confessed his faith in the risen Christ on the Sunday after Easter. Nevertheless, it is also fitting to remember Thomas before Christmas since he was a great witness to Christ's Incarnation. After doubting the Resurrection, in St. John 20:28, Thomas affirmed his faith in Jesus the Christ as "my Lord and my God." Thus, Thomas proclaimed the great truth that the man Jesus is divine. As Advent draws toward a close, let us focus on such faith in Jesus Christ, God the Son, who came to earth as a human babe.

Advent IV- Philippians 4; John 1:19-28

On this Fourth Sunday in Advent, the Epistle from Philippians 4:4-7 has a lighter tone. It exhorts us to rejoice, and it reminds us that "the Lord is at hand." Despite the serious human condition and its sinfulness, there is a true reason for joy and hope. Our joy and hope come from the peace that God offers through Jesus Christ.

The Gospel from St. John 1:19-28, like the one for last Sunday, is another Advent reference to the message of John the Baptist. When asked who he is, John refuses the usual titles. He will only admit to being "the voice of one crying in the wilderness" (John 1:23; Isaiah 40:3). He makes the way ready for the Lord; he points to the One coming after him, the One who is much greater. 

John the Baptist reminds us that the way for the Messiah or Christ must be prepared. Because the One who is to come is so great and so holy, we must take His coming into our lives very seriously. Our preparations for Him should be greater than our preparations for any ordinary human guest.

Preparation is necessary, especially in spiritual matters. Thus, a genuine appreciation of Christmas requires thoughtful reflection. A religious Christmas does not happen by accident. Spiritual preparation is usually needed for a meaningful celebration of Christ's birth. We need to reflect and pray about the redemption He brings. And we should also remember that Christ continues to come to us. He comes to us each day and each week in Word and in Sacrament. He offers us His grace, mercy, and peace.

Advent III- Matthew 11:2-15

 The Gospel for the Third Sunday in Advent is from Matthew 11:2-15. In this selection, John the Baptist is in prison awaiting Herod Antipas' judgment. John sends two of his followers to meet Jesus. They ask if Jesus is the expected Messiah. 

Jesus replies to them with a two-fold proclamation. First, He points to the miraculous and redemptive acts taking place in His own ministry. These works fulfill the Messianic prophecies. Secondly, Jesus points to the purpose and value of John the Baptist's ministry. John is the prophetic forerunner of the messianic Redeemer. Finally, Jesus concludes with an exhortation. Those who have ears should hear; that means that they should be perceptive about the contemporary religious circumstances. They should realize what God is doing in the ministry of John the Baptist and in the ministry of Jesus. Jesus is the Christ who fulfills the ministry of John and all the biblical prophets. 

During Advent, we focus on the prophecies about the coming of the Christ. Among the Hebrew prophets, John the Baptist has a special role. We should honor him, but we should also look beyond him. We should look to Jesus, who gives meaning to the work of all the prophets. May we be sensitive and perceptive regarding God's redemptive work in the past and in our own lives!

Advent II- Romans 15:4; Luke 21:33- Scripture

In the Anglican tradition, the Second Sunday in Advent highlights the importance of Holy Scripture. We see this importance in two verses in the Scriptures for the day. Romans 15:4 says, "For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the scriptures might have hope." In St. Luke 21:33, Jesus says, "Heaven and earth shall pass away: but my words shall not pass away." 

In theory, all Christian groups maintain that the Bible is a foundational Christian authority, but Christians from varied backgrounds view this authority in distinctive ways. Traditional Anglicans do not read or understand Holy Scripture in isolation. The Bible is our primary doctrinal and moral authority, and it contains God's self-revelation for all generations of Christians.  However, Anglicans believe that Scripture should be understood within the community of faith, the Church. Thoughtful believers from different times and backgrounds have agreed on the basics, and they have summarized Scriptural beliefs in the ancient Creeds (Apostles, Nicene, Athanasian). In the sixteenth century, Anglicans called these biblical principles "things necessary to salvation" (Article of Religion VI).

The basic and necessary teachings of the Bible are clear and are expressed in the Creeds, the Commandments, the Lord's Prayer, and the two greatest Sacraments (Baptism and the Eucharist). Such Scriptural teachings are good and powerful. Yet, these Biblical teachings are not magical formulae. We cannot separate Scripture from the core historic interpretations of Christ's catholic and orthodox Church. A true understanding and application of Scripture is not an isolated individual experience; it comes through divine grace and the working of the Holy Spirit in the body of believers from all times and places. 

During Advent, we think about the coming of Christ, the incarnate Word. As we reflect, let us also meditate on the written Word in Holy Scripture. May we be open to reading, hearing, and learning from God's Word in the Bible throughout Advent and all the days of our lives!

Advent I/St. Andrew the Apostle- Matthew 21

This Sunday, November 30, is both the Feast of St. Andrew and the First Sunday in Advent. Andrew first brought his brother Simon Peter to see Jesus, and they began to follow Him together. Advent I begins a new church year and the season of preparation for Christmas. Since the fourth century, Advent, a word derived from the Latin word "coming," has been a time to emphasize the theme of Christ's coming into the world.

At first glance, the Gospel selection from Matthew 21:1-13, a Palm Sunday reading, may seem strange. Yet, when read at this time of the church year, the account is primarily a reminder of the varied ways that Jesus Christ comes into human lives. Christ, the Messianic King, came into the world long ago. He keeps coming to us through the work of the Holy Spirit in Word, Sacrament, and prayer, and Christ will come again to conclude earthly history on the last day. 

As Matthew 21 shows, Jesus comes humbly and peaceably as our rightful ruler who does not have to prove Himself. Yet, even when He comes in this simple and peaceful way, He automatically brings rebuke and judgment upon human corruption. Such human corruption perverted the purposes of the Jerusalem Temple and still corrupts the Church in this world. So, as our Lord purified the Temple, so also He must purify His Church repeatedly. Both the institution and individual Christians need to be cleansed and renewed. As we begin our Advent preparations for the great Christmas festival, let us also examine our souls. Only through spiritual self-examination, repentance, and renewal in faith can we truly develop an appreciation for the good news that Christ's coming brings.

Advent IV- John 1:19-28

On the Fourth Sunday in Advent, the Gospel from St. John 1:19-28 is another reference to the preparatory message of John the Baptist. When the Jerusalem authorities send representatives to ask who he is, John refuses the usual titles. He only acknowledges being "the voice of one crying in the wilderness" (John 1:23; Isaiah 40:3). He makes the way ready for the Lord; he baptizes with water to represent repentance and cleansing from sin. But the One coming after John is much greater. He is the reason for John's work of preparation, and He will bring the redemption that John's ministry only anticipates.

As Christians, we believe that the One whose way John prepared is Jesus, and we seek to prepare His way in our lives this week.  As Advent draws to a close, many people are busy with a variety of preparations for the Christmas holiday. Unfortunately, people often lose sight of the spiritual preparations needed to celebrate Christ's Nativity. Most of us need to pay more attention to prayer, to meditation on Scripture, and to renewed efforts to prepare room for Christ in our hearts and in our lives. As we get ready to celebrate Christ's first coming in humility, let us not get too distracted. Let us remember that Jesus Christ keeps coming to us. He calls us to repent of our sins and accept His grace, mercy, and peace. Without Him, all our celebrations are empty. With Him in our lives, there is true joy in simple things!

St. Thomas the Apostle- 21 December

The traditional feast of St. Thomas the Apostle is the 21st of December. Because Thomas had doubts about the Resurrection of Jesus (John 20), we often associate St. Thomas with the Easter season, but he is also an appropriate example for contemplating Christ's Incarnation. Despite his initial doubts, Thomas encounters the risen Christ, and he makes a powerful confession of faith. In John 20:28, Thomas affirms his faith that Jesus the Christ is "my Lord and my God."  In other words, Thomas confesses that Jesus is God incarnate. 

So as Advent draws toward a close, let us focus on the truth of the Incarnation proclaimed by Thomas. The holy Child born in Bethlehem is our Lord and God, Immanuel, God the eternal Son and Word, come to us in human flesh. Thanks be to God for Thomas and his faith in Jesus Christ!

Advent III- I Corinthians 4:1-5

For the Third Sunday in Advent, the readings from I Corinthians 4 and Matthew 11 point us to the theme of Christian ministry. This theme is especially appropriate because the traditional Advent Ember Days occur on Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday of this week. For centuries, these days have called Christians to deliberate emphasis on the general ministry and mission of the Church, and especially on the role of the ordained ministry. All Christians share in ministry, and ordained deacons, priests, and bishops have special responsibilities.

The Epistle from I Corinthians 4:1-5 speaks of such Christian ministry. All Christians are called to ministry or service for Christ, but all too often we forget this, at least in practical daily speech and behavior. Every person baptized has been set aside and transformed by grace in the name of the Holy Trinity. This setting aside for service has a special application to the ordained ministry. In a special way, the clergy are called to be "stewards of the mysteries of God" (I Corinthians 4:1).

What are the mysteries of God? The mysteries are the core events of Christ's Gospel- from the Annunciation and Nativity to the Crucifixion, Resurrection, and Ascension. These Scriptural mysteries are summarized in the ancient Creeds. These mysteries are also powerfully expressed in the Sacraments. The Christian Gospel becomes visible and immediate for us in the concrete Sacred Mysteries or Sacraments, in particular Baptism and the Eucharist. Every Christian is called to believe the mysteries of the Gospel and to participate in appropriate and faithful ways in the sacramental expression of these mysteries 

During this Advent, let us prepare for Christmas by contemplating the mysteries of the Gospel and their expression in the Sacraments. Let us be aware of our general calling to be faithful stewards of the Gospel according to our specific vocations. And let us pray that all Christians, especially those who are ordained, may be constantly renewed by divine grace for God's service.

Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary- 8 December- Luke 1

Yesterday, December 8, is listed as a "Black Letter Day" or minor commemoration on the calendar of the 1662 Book of Common Prayer. The eighth of December is a day traditionally called "The Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary." Since it is not directly based on a specific Scripture event, the BCP does not provide it with liturgical propers, and some Anglicans have been hesitant to commemorate this day because we do not accept certain papal interpretations of her conception.

Nevertheless, the day is part of the Prayer Book tradition, and it is certainly appropriate for us to remember the blessed Virgin and honor her, especially during the season of Advent. The greeting of the angel Gabriel at the Annunciation echoes in our minds. As St. Luke 1. 26-28 says, AND in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee named Nazareth, to a Virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the Virgin's name was Mary. And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favoured, the Lord is with thee; blessed art thou among women.

While Anglicans have differing views about some traditions regarding Mary, we all agree that she was "highly favoured" and "blessed among women." Her role in God's plan of salvation and the Incarnation of God the Son was important and unique. The blessed Virgin should be respected, and she should inspire us to deeper devotion.

Advent IV and Christmas Week Readings 2023

 As we conclude Advent this year, the calendar is unusual since Advent IV is also Christmas Eve. That means that there is only one day for reading before the Feast of the Incarnation. So here are two sets of readings for the same day, Advent IV/Christmas Eve. and then readings for Christmas week. May the profound joy of our Lord's coming into this world be with us all!

Psalms and Lessons for MORNING PRAYER (according to the 1945 lectionary in the 1928 BCP)

Days                                                    Psalms     First Lesson           Second Lesson

FOURTH SUNDAY IN ADVENT      80          Isaiah 40:1–11                  Luke 3:1–17

Christmas Eve                                   50          Baruch 4:36–5:9               Luke 1:67-80

Christmas Week

CHRISTMAS DAY                             89:1–30     Isaiah 9:2–7                    Luke 2:1–20

ST. STEPHEN                                     118           2 Chron. 24:17–22          Acts 6

ST. JOHN EVANGELIST                   23, 24       Exodus 33:12 -23            John 13:20-26,

HOLY INNOCENTS                          8, 26        Jeremiah 31:1–6, 15–16  Matthew 18:1–14

December 29                                      27             Isa. 56:1–8                     1 John 1

December 30                                      33             Isa. 59:1–3, 15b–21       1 John 2:1–17

December 31                                     147            Isa. 62                            1 John 2:18-29

CIRCUMCISION OF                       

       OUR LORD (Jan. 1)                  103           Deuteronomy 30:1–10  Ephesians 2:11-22

Advent III Readings

 As previously noted, one theme of Advent is a renewal of devotion to and attention to Holy Scripture.  During this Third Week in Advent, Wednesday, Friday. and Saturday are traditional Ember Days of prayer and fasting for the Church's ministry.  With that emphasis in mind, here is a basic list of Scripture readings for each day of the week.

Psalms and Lessons for MORNING PRAYER (according to the 1945 lectionary in the 1928 BCP)

Days                                                   Psalms          First Lesson         Second Lesson

THIRD SUNDAY N ADVENT     85, 107:1–16      Isaiah 35                 1 Thess. 5:12–23

Monday                                         84                       Isa. 29:1–4, 9–14    Mark 5:1–20

Tuesday                                         90                       Isa. 30:8–17            Mark 5:21

Ember Wednesday                        1, 15                   Jeremiah 23:9–15    Luke 12:35–48

Thursday                                       96                       Isa. 32:1–4, 15–20   Mark 6:1–6

Ember Friday                                40:1–16              Jer. 23:23–32            2 Cor. 5:5

Ember Saturday                            42, 43                  Malachi 2:1–9          Matt. 9:35–  10:15

Advent II Readings

As noted last week, one of the great themes of Advent is a renewal of devotion to and attention to Holy Scripture.  This general Advent emphasis on Scripture is even more pronounced on the Second Sunday in Advent, which has sometimes been called Bible Sunday.  With that emphasis in mind, here is a basic list of Scripture readings for each day of the week.

Psalms and Lessons for MORNING PRAYER (according to the 1945 lectionary in the 1928 BCP)

Days                                                   Psalms          First Lesson         Second Lesson

 SECOND SUNDAY IN ADVENT  119:1–16        Isaiah 55                 2 Timothy 3

Monday                                              33                 Isa. 8:5–8, 11–20    Mark 2:23–3:6

Tuesday                                              48                 Isa. 9:18–10:4         Mark 3:7–19

Wednesday                                         50                 Isa. 11:1–10             Mark 3:20

Thursday                                            62, 63            Isa. 13:1–5, 17–22  Mark 4:1–20

Friday                                                 73                 Isa. 24:16b               Mark 4:21–29

Saturday                                             80                 Isa. 28:1–13             Mark 4:30-41

Advent I Readings

This year the Advent season begins on Sunday. December 3. One of the great themes of Advent is a renewal of devotion to and attention to Holy Scripture. Ideally, every clergyman and many of the laity participate in Daily Morning and Evening Prayer. In fact, even many devoted individuals only have significant devotional time once a day and shorter prayers at other times. With that reality in mind, here is a basic list of Scripture readings for each day of the week.

Psalms and Lessons for MORNING PRAYER (according to the 1945 lectionary in the 1928 BCP)

Days                                           Psalms   First Lesson         Second Lesson

FIRST SUNDAY IN ADVENT  46, 97     Isaiah 28:14–22  Heb. 12:14

Monday                                        1, 3        Isa. 1:1–9            Mark 1:1–13

Tuesday                                            7        Isa. 1:21–28        Mark 1:14–28

Wednesday                                       9        Isa. 2:6–19          Mark 1:29–39

Thursday                                         10        Isa. 4:2               Mark 1:40

Friday                                              22        Isa. 5:8–29         Mark 2:1–12

Saturday                                    28, 29        Isa. 7:1–9           Mark 2:13–22

Advent IV- John 1:19-28; Philippians 4:4-5

The Fourth Sunday in Advent brings a heightened sense of anticipation as we enter the final week of preparations for the celebration of Christ's Birth. In Philippians 4:4-5, St. Paul exhorts believers to rejoice and live virtuous lives because "The Lord is at hand." Our Lord Jesus Christ is always near in several ways, but we have a special awareness of His coming when we celebrate His Incarnation.

The Gospel from John 1:19-28 focuses on John the Baptist's preparatory work for the Messiah or Christ. The prophet John in the wilderness is the forerunner who prepares the way by calling people to repentance, cleansing, and hope in the anticipated redeemer. Besides calling the people of first-century Palestine, John the Baptist still calls us to prepare for Christ to come anew into our lives.

In our time, people often seem to find it difficult to prepare for Christmas in a spiritual way. There are so many distractions from everyday life and from secular holiday madness. At times, even Advent devotions or plans for reading Scripture may become just another December task. However, we do need to pause. reflect, and be more open to Christ to come into our lives again and again. So whatever else we are doing, let us find some moments throughout the day to ask Jesus to have mercy and come among us!

Advent III- Matthew 11:2-15

The Gospel for the Third Sunday in Advent is from Matthew 11:2-15 (by the way, this year, the three-year lectionary has the same selection as the traditional lectionary). This passage shows John the Baptist in prison   He sends two of his followers to Jesus, and they ask if Jesus is the expected Messiah. We are not told why John asks. Perhaps he needs personal reassurance, and he probably also wants his disciples to encounter Jesus. 

In any case, Jesus replies with a two-fold proclamation. First, He points to the redemptive acts taking place in His own ministry, works that fulfill the Messianic prophecies. Secondly, He points to the purpose and value of the prophetic work of John the Baptist as the forerunner. Then, our Lord concludes with an exhortation to His hearers. Those who have ears should hear;  that is, they should be sensitive and perceptive about events. They should realize what God is doing in the ministry of John the Baptist and in the mystery of Jesus the Christ. May we also be sensitive and perceptive regarding God's redemptive work!

Advent I- Romans 13: 8-14

 Many people know that the word Advent is derived from a Latin root that means "to come." The collect and readings for the First Sunday in Advent share the Advent theme of the coming kingdom. Each selection develops this theme in a slightly different way.

In the Epistle from Romans 13:8-14, the Apostle Paul speaks of the law of love, and he relates loving behavior among believers to the approaching day of the Lord when Christ shall judge all people. Since time marches on toward the end of personal earthly life and the end of human history, believers should be ready always. We should live our lives pursuing all that is spiritually and morally good. And Advent is a special time to emphasize our preparations to meet Christ, in our present life, at the time of death, and at the end of history.

St. Thomas the Apostle- 21 December

It may seem strange that the Feast of the Apostle Thomas occurs so closely before Christmas. The exact reason for the date is buried in ancient Christian history. It may be related to an event such as date of martyrdom, moving of relics, or dedication of a church in his name. Whatever the historical detail, there is also a theological point. Thomas points us to the importance and meaning of Christ's Incarnation, 

Of course, on the Sunday of the Resurrection. Thomas did not see the risen Christ, and he was doubtful. A week later, Thomas did see Jesus when He came to the disciples. Then the doubting apostle made a very strong confession of faith; he affirmed Jesus the Christ as "My Lord and my God" (St. John 20:28).

Thomas is an example that Christ can overcome doubt and use former doubters as faithful witnesses. Thomas is an especially strong witness to the Incarnation when he exclaims that Jesus is Lord and God. As another Advent draws to a close, may we think about these words and their meaning for us. We are not celebrating the birth of just any baby. The Christ Child is unique. Christians share Thomas' affirmation that Jesus is our Lord and God come in human flesh!

Advent IV- John 1: 19-28

The Gospel from St. John 1:19-28 is a second Advent passage about John the Baptist. When questioned about his role, John only claims to be "the voice of one crying in the wilderness" (John 1:23; Isaiah 40:3). He is one who makes the way ready for the Lord. 

This Gospel reminds us that the way for the Messiah or Christ must be prepared. Many people put great effort into the mundane preparation of the season, but they neglect the religious preparations. If we really wish to appreciate the meaning of Christmas, we should spend some special time on spirituality in the next week. We need to read Holy Scripture and pray. We also should meditate about our need for a Savior and the ways that He keeps coming to us. Such serious preparations can help us find true joy in the good news of the Incarnation.

Advent III- The Messenger- Matthew 11: 2-10

In traditional Books of Common Prayer, the Gospels for both the Third and Fourth Sundays in Advent deal with John the Baptist. For this Sunday, the emphasis is upon John as the messenger of the Lord (Matthew 11:2-10). In a sense, John the Baptist was the last of the Hebrew prophets, but he was also more than an average prophet. He was a special messenger sent to be the forerunner of the Messiah. He prepared the way by proclaiming a message of repentance, forgiveness and renewal.

Of course, John the Baptist was a unique figure in the history of salvation, but he was also an example for us. Although Jesus the Christ has come and accomplished His redemptive work, that work has to be applied to human lives again and again. As Christians, we are to continue being messengers of repentance, forgiveness and renewal. Advent is a season to remind us to continue John's preparatory work. In ways appropriate to our circumstances, each of us is called to apply the ancient message to our lives and to the lives of those around us. 

Advent I- Romans 13: 8-14

This Sunday marks the beginning of the Advent season, a time for reflection upon the theme of Christ coming into the world- past, present and future. Advent is also a time of spiritual and moral preparation. Believers are called to renew their commitment to live in ways that embody their faith. Such a renewal of commitment is stressed by St. Paul in the Epistle from Romans 13:8-14. 

After reviewing the general moral law, the Apostle makes two points in practical spirituality. 1) "...now it is high time to awake out of sleep" (Rom. 13:11). Christians must avoid the natural human tendency to sink into spiritual torpor. We must wake up and remain vigilant.  2) "The night is far spent, the day is at hand: let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light" (Rom. 13:12). Knowing that earthly history is moving toward the culmination of divine plans, Christians must constantly cast off sinful tendencies and put on the good qualities that God the Father gives us through Jesus Christ and the work of the Holy Spirit. We must seek light and life through Christ in each day given to us. If we apply these principles of spirituality, Advent can be a valuable time for Christian growth, not just a time of waiting for a holiday.